Running for office, getting a job inside a company or government agency, and corporate outreach are all ways to try to use the system’s built-in mechanisms to win a policy change. One is to work inside the system, through the formal structures that have been set up to change policies. The idea is simple enough: when social movements seek to change society, there are two routes they can take. I learned the phrase inside-outside strategy from the work of movement scholars Mark and Paul Engler, though I assume it’s been in use before them. Advocates should build friendships and strong lines of communication with people on the other side of the inside-outside divide.By understanding the inside-outside strategy, advocates on both sides can see how this diversity is key to building a strong movement.These objectives, in turn, are a product of their role in the movement ecology. Advocates intelligently choose their demands based on their objectives.This framing obscures the reasons different advocates favor different demands.Animal advocates have been divided over pursuing more or less radical demands, leading to a conflict often framed as welfarism vs. ![]() Now, I show how, by switching to the vocabulary of "inside game/outside game", the animal freedom movement can shift from infighting to collaboration. ![]() abolitionism" was misguided and created unnecessary conflict among animal advocates. In the previous article, I explained how the narrative of "welfarism vs.
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